{"id":184,"date":"2023-07-15T11:00:28","date_gmt":"2023-07-15T03:00:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/advance-ceramics.com\/?p=184"},"modified":"2023-07-15T11:58:55","modified_gmt":"2023-07-15T03:58:55","slug":"niektore-vlastnosti-a-pouzitie-keramiky-z-karbidu-kremika","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/advance-ceramics.com\/sk\/some-properties-and-uses-of-silicon-carbide-ceramics\/","title":{"rendered":"Niektor\u00e9 vlastnosti a pou\u017eitie keramiky z karbidu krem\u00edka"},"content":{"rendered":"

Keramika z karbidu krem\u00edka je materi\u00e1l s vysokou pevnos\u0165ou, vysokou tepelnou vodivos\u0165ou, odolnos\u0165ou proti kor\u00f3zii kysel\u00edn a z\u00e1sad, v procese pou\u017e\u00edvania sa m\u00f4\u017ee dobre prisp\u00f4sobi\u0165 vonkaj\u0161iemu prostrediu, priemysel sa pova\u017euje za najlep\u0161\u00ed materi\u00e1l v\u00fdmenn\u00edka tepla odoln\u00fd proti kor\u00f3zii. Be\u017en\u00e9 keramick\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly v 1200 ~ 1400 \u2103, ke\u010f sa pevnos\u0165 v\u00fdrazne zn\u00ed\u017ei, a keramika z karbidu krem\u00edka v 1400 \u2103, ke\u010f sa pevnos\u0165 v ohybe st\u00e1le udr\u017eiava na vysokej \u00farovni 500 ~ 600 MPa, a jej prev\u00e1dzkov\u00e1 teplota a\u017e 1600 ~ 1700 stup\u0148ov Celzia.<\/p>\n

Keramika z karbidu krem\u00edka m\u00e1 nielen n\u00edzku hustotu a ve\u013emi vysok\u00fa tvrdos\u0165, ale je jedn\u00fdm z najtvrd\u0161\u00edch keramick\u00fdch materi\u00e1lov. Jeho materi\u00e1lov\u00e9 vlastnosti sa m\u00f4\u017eu nemeni\u0165 pri teplot\u00e1ch a\u017e do 1400 \u00b0C. Materi\u00e1l m\u00e1 vysok\u00fd modul pru\u017enosti (Youngov modul). Vysok\u00fd Youngov modul (> 400 GPa) zabezpe\u010duje rozmerov\u00fa stabilitu pri vysokom tlaku. Je tie\u017e toxikologicky bezpe\u010dn\u00fd a m\u00f4\u017ee sa pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 aj v potravin\u00e1rskom priemysle. Okrem toho maj\u00fa materi\u00e1ly SiC
\nvynikaj\u00facu tepeln\u00fa vodivos\u0165, n\u00edzku tepeln\u00fa roz\u0165a\u017enos\u0165 a s\u00fa ve\u013emi odoln\u00e9 vo\u010di kyselin\u00e1m a z\u00e1sad\u00e1m.<\/p>\n

Medzi vlastnosti keramiky SiC patr\u00ed najm\u00e4: opakovan\u00e9 pou\u017eitie, nesp\u00f4sobuje materi\u00e1lov\u00fd odpad, obhajuje trvalo udr\u017eate\u013en\u00fd rozvoj; odolnos\u0165 proti chemickej kor\u00f3zii, m\u00f4\u017ee sa pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 vo vysoko koroz\u00edvnych chemick\u00fdch zariadeniach at\u010f., v teplotnom rozsahu od -70 \u2103 do \uff0b260 \u2103 odolnos\u0165 proti kor\u00f3zii, odolnos\u0165 proti oxid\u00e1cii a kor\u00f3zii je ve\u013emi vysok\u00e1, dlh\u00e1 \u017eivotnos\u0165, ni\u017e\u0161ie n\u00e1klady na \u00fadr\u017ebu a dlh\u0161\u00ed \u010das prev\u00e1dzky; vysok\u00e1 teplotn\u00e1 odolnos\u0165, 1800 \u2103 be\u017en\u00e9 pou\u017eitie a nebude sa pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 v potravin\u00e1rskom priemysle. 1800 \u2103 be\u017en\u00e9 pou\u017eitie a ned\u00f4jde k po\u0161kodeniu roztaven\u00edm, stabilita; vysok\u00e1 tepeln\u00e1 vodivos\u0165, ultravysok\u00e1 teplotn\u00e1 stabilita, stabiln\u00fd kon\u0161truk\u010dn\u00fd v\u00fdkon. Jeho tepeln\u00e1 vodivos\u0165 je druh\u00e1 najlep\u0161ia po keramike s oxidom ber\u00fdlia v keramike.<\/p>\n

Pre\u010do sa viac chemick\u00fdch spolo\u010dnost\u00ed rozhodlo pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 karbid krem\u00edka ako materi\u00e1l na prenos tepla namiesto oxidu ber\u00fdlia? D\u00f4vod je ve\u013emi jednoduch\u00fd - ako v\u0161etci vieme, hoci keramika z oxidu ber\u00fdlia nie je toxick\u00e1, ale jej surovina BeO je toxick\u00e1 l\u00e1tka, pri v\u00fdrobe a pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00ed procesu BeO prach a v\u00fdpary na \u013eudsk\u00e9 zdravie sp\u00f4sobia v\u00e1\u017ene po\u0161kodenie toxicity jej ochrann\u00fdch opatren\u00ed prijat\u00fdch dodato\u010dn\u00fdm zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00edm n\u00e1kladov, tak\u017ee p\u00f4vodn\u00e1 cena keramiky BeO sa st\u00e1va drah\u0161ou. Komplexn\u00e9 porovnanie, n\u00e1kladov\u00e1 efekt\u00edvnos\u0165 karbidu krem\u00edka sa jav\u00ed ako n\u00e1kladovo efekt\u00edvnej\u0161ia, nielen dobr\u00fd v\u00fdkon, surovina je tie\u017e ne\u0161kodn\u00e1 pre \u013eudsk\u00e9 zdravie a lacnej\u0161ia, vhodnej\u0161ia pre ve\u013ekoobjemov\u00e9 v\u00fdrobn\u00e9 oper\u00e1cie.<\/p>\n

Keramika z karbidu krem\u00edka sa pou\u017e\u00edva v \u0161irokej \u0161k\u00e1le aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed v leteckom a kozmickom priemysle, pri z\u00edskavan\u00ed energie, v elektronickom priemysle a v stroj\u00e1rstve, ako aj v oblasti po\u017eiarnej odolnosti, napr. v t\u00fdchto oblastiach:<\/p>\n

Rota\u010dn\u00e9 gu\u013e\u00f4\u010dkov\u00e9 a val\u010dekov\u00e9 lo\u017eisk\u00e1
\nKomponenty motora odoln\u00e9 vo\u010di teplu a opotrebovaniu
\nPriemyseln\u00e9 a chemick\u00e9 gu\u013eov\u00e9 koh\u00faty
\nVentily, tesnenia vahadiel, tesniace plochy
\nPodpery induk\u010dn\u00fdch vykurovac\u00edch \u0161pir\u00e1l
\nLopatky turb\u00edny, lopatky, vedr\u00e1
\nZv\u00e1racie a sp\u00e1jkovacie pr\u00edpravky
\nKomponenty vykurovacieho telesa
\nStacion\u00e1rne a mobiln\u00e9 komponenty turb\u00edn
\nTesnenia, lo\u017eisk\u00e1, lopatky \u010derpadla
\nOpotrebovan\u00e9 pl\u00e1ty a balistick\u00e9 panciere
\nPece a v\u00fdmenn\u00edky tepla
\nZariadenia na spracovanie polovodi\u010dov\u00fdch do\u0161ti\u010diek<\/p>\n

\"Keramika<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Silicon carbide ceramics is a material with high strength, high thermal conductivity, acid and alkali corrosion resistance, it can adapt well to the external environment in the process of use, the industry is considered to be the best corrosion-resistant heat exchanger material. Ordinary ceramic materials in 1200 ~ 1400 \u2103 when the strength will be… \u010c\u00edta\u0165 viac »Niektor\u00e9 vlastnosti a pou\u017eitie keramiky z karbidu krem\u00edka<\/span><\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"off","neve_meta_content_width":70,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/advance-ceramics.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/184"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/advance-ceramics.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/advance-ceramics.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/advance-ceramics.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/advance-ceramics.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=184"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/advance-ceramics.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/184\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":188,"href":"https:\/\/advance-ceramics.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/184\/revisions\/188"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/advance-ceramics.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=184"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/advance-ceramics.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=184"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/advance-ceramics.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=184"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}